Glycosyltransferases
Functional information of genes and proteins is organized in KEGG as ortholog groups, called KEGG Orthology (KO) groups, to cover all organisms. The KO groups for glycosyltransferases are finely classified ortholog groups distinguishing known substrate specificity, which can be viewed as functional hierarchies of the KEGG BRITE database.
Metabolic Pathway Maps
The KEGG PATHWAY database is a collection of manually drawn KEGG pathway maps representing current knowledge on molecular interaction networks, including glycan biosynthesis and metabolism.
Glycan Structure Maps
The glycan structure map is another representation of glycan biosynthesis. For example, N-glycan biosynthesis in human is shown as a pathway map in hsa00510 or as a structure map in hsa01030.
In contrast to these manually drawn maps, the Composite Structure Map (CSM) is computationally generated to represent all possible structures in the KEGG GLYCAN structure database.
CSM can be used to examine the structural repertoire inferred from the genomic or transcriptomic repertoire.
KEGG GLYCAN Database
The KEGG GLYCAN database is a collection of experimentally determined glycan structures. It contains all unique structures taken from CarbBank, structures entered from recent publications, and structures present in KEGG pathways. Each structure is identified by the G number, such as G00197 for CD65. KEGG GLYCAN is maintained in the KEGG LIGAND relational database.
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Gene Microarray to Glycan Structures
GECS (Gene Expression to Chemical Structure) is a new software package for linking genomic or transcriptomic contents of genes to chemical structures of biosynthetic substances, expecially glycans.
Glycan Binding Proteins
Different types of glycan binding proteins are organized as KO groups and classified as a functional hierarchy of KEGG BRITE.
Regulatory Pathway Maps
The KEGG PATHWAY database contains various pathway maps involving glycan-binding proteins, such as:
KegDraw Tool
KegDraw is a standalone Java application for drawing chemical compound structures and glycan structures in a way similar to ChemDraw and ISIS/Draw.
KegDraw runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux, and is made freely available to both academic and non-academic users.
KCaM Search Tool
KCaM is a database search program for similar glycan structures.
It can be used to search against KEGG GLYCAN or CarbBank.
Reference
Hashimoto, K., Goto, S., Kawano, S., Aoki-Kinoshita, K.F., Ueda, N., Hamajima, M., Kawasaki, T., and Kanehisa, M.
"KEGG as a glycome informatics resource".
Glycobiology 16, 63R-70R (2006).
[pubmed]
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