| Carboxylic acids (R-COOH) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Starter units | Extension units | ||
| Acetyl-CoA |
|||
| Propionyl-CoA |
Malonyl-CoA |
||
| Butyryl-CoA |
Isobutyryl-CoA |
Acetoacetyl-CoA |
Methylmalonyl-CoA |
| Pentanoyl-CoA |
2-Methylbutyryl-CoA |
3-Methylbutyryl-CoA |
Ethylmalonyl-CoA |
| Hexanoyl-CoA |
|||
| Acyl transferase (AT) | Ketoacyl synthase (KS) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
+ |
 |
→ |
 |
| Keto reductase (KR) | Dehydratase (DH) | Enoyl reductase (ER) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
→ |
 |
→ |
 |
→ |
 |